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Jan Rosenow, Jacob Barnes, Ray Galvin, Samuel O'Mara and Richard Lowes (University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, Gemserv, University of Exeter); published in iScience (Cell Press)

Lifetime cost of a heat pump and a gas boiler in Great Britain (Rosenow et al. 2025)

The total cost of ownership over 15 years of an air-source heat pump (seasonal efficiency 2.9, the median of the Electrification of Heat trial) and of a gas boiler (85% efficiency) for a typical home in Great Britain: installation cost, minus the Boiler Upgrade Scheme grant for the heat pump, plus running costs discounted at 3.5% a year. The central case and four sensitivity cases are given under business as usual, alongside scenarios that move levies between electricity, gas and general taxation or add a carbon tax on gas.

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CC BY 4.0
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“This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).”

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Rosenow, J., Barnes, J., Galvin, R., O'Mara, S. & Lowes, R. (2025). Total cost of ownership of heat pumps and policy choice: The case of Great Britain. iScience 28, 111784. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.111784. CC BY 4.0.
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Rosenow, J., Barnes, J., Galvin, R., O'Mara, S. & Lowes, R. (2025). Total cost of ownership of heat pumps and policy choice: The case of Great Britain. iScience 28(2), 111784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.111784

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Published once (online 10 January 2025; volume 28, issue 2, 21 February 2025); no update is planned.
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One-off (published 2025)
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Unchanged since the last fetch (2026-10-25T10:15:36Z)