NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information

NOAA Global Surface Temperature (NOAAGlobalTemp), version 6.1

Monthly and annual land-ocean surface temperature anomalies from January 1850, for the globe and for latitude bands. Version 6.1.0 combines NOAA GHCN monthly land-station data with ERSST version 6 sea-surface temperatures and fills gaps with an artificial neural network. Anomalies are in kelvin (equal to degrees Celsius) relative to 1991–2020; the site rebases them to this dataset's own 1850–1900 mean. The annual files carry no uncertainty (every error-variance column is -999), and the current year's annual row averages only the months so far.

Free to reuse with creditactiveUS federal programmeFetched automatically

Numbers published from it

Global surface temperature above 1850–1900 (NOAAGlobalTemp)

Licence and credit

Licence: Public domain (work of the US federal government)
What the terms say: “Environmental data and information produced by NOAA or any Federal agency are available fully and openly to data users unless explicitly exempt from release by Federal law, regulation or policy. These data are in the public domain in the United States.”
From the producer's terms, checked 2026-10-04; re-checked automatically every week.
Credit we give: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAAGlobalTemp version {version} (Huang, Yin, Menne & Vose), doi:10.25921/vvaa-wq11, accessed {date_accessed}.
Copy of the raw file: Allowed: we keep a public copy of every version we use.
Cite as: Huang, Boyin; Yin, Xungang; Menne, Matthew J.; and Vose, Russell S. 2026. NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 6.1. Areal-average time series. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/vvaa-wq11. Accessed {date_accessed}.

Files

Global (90°S–90°N) land-ocean annual anomaly from 1850, kelvin relative to 1991–2020. Whitespace columns: year, anomaly, then four error variances (all -999). The file name carries the month of the latest data and changes monthly; found through discover (see header comment).
Downloaded by hand (no stable direct link).
Global (90°S–90°N) land-ocean monthly anomaly from January 1850, kelvin relative to 1991–2020. Whitespace columns: year, month, anomaly, error variances and diagnostics (all -999). Used to tell complete years from the partial current year. File name changes monthly.
Downloaded by hand (no stable direct link).
60°N–90°N land-ocean annual anomaly from 1850, kelvin relative to 1991–2020, for the Arctic-versus-global comparison. File name changes monthly.
Downloaded by hand (no stable direct link).
Column definitions and file-name convention for the time series; states "anomalies are based on the climatology from 1991 to 2020". Kept so a change of baseline or layout is caught.
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/noaa-global-surface-temperature/v6.1/access/timeseries/00_Readme_timeseries.txt

Status

Programme: Version 6.1.0 published 23 March 2026 (NCEI ISO record; DOI registered 27 March 2026), switching to ERSST version 6 and a 1991–2020 base. NCEI is moving its data to the cloud and warns of temporary access delays. NCEI is a NOAA line office exposed to the proposed FY2027 NOAA budget cut.
Updates: Monthly, with NOAA NCEI's global climate report (around the 8th–10th)
Next release: 2026-10-09: September 2026 data. Date from the GISS release schedule, which GISS sets "simultaneously with NOAA/NCEI's releases of their monthly Global Analysis"; NCEI's own page lists only the US release (8 October 2026).
Last check: Unchanged since the last fetch (2026-10-05T11:04:24Z)
Independent sources measuring the same thing: HadCRUT5 near-surface temperature anomalies GISS Surface Temperature Analysis, version 4 (GISTEMP v4)C3S Climate Bulletin global surface air temperature (ERA5)