Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by ECMWF for the European Commission
C3S Climate Pulse daily global temperatures (ERA5)
Daily global-mean surface air temperature (2 metres) from 1 January 1940 and daily mean sea-surface temperature averaged over 60°S–60°N from 1 January 1979, from the ERA5 reanalysis, updated each day with data up to two days behind the present. Each row gives the absolute value, the smoothed 1991–2020 daily climatology, the anomaly from 1991–2020 and a status. Days 2 to 5 behind the present use ERA5 data not yet released on the Climate Data Store, and rows marked PRELIMINARY (usually the newest day) are likely to change slightly; the site keeps that status and labels those days preliminary.
Numbers published from it
Licence and credit
- What the terms say
“"license":"CC-BY-4.0"”
From the producer's terms, checked 2026-10-04; re-checked automatically every week.
- Credit we give
- Generated using Copernicus Climate Change Service information {year}. Data source: ERA5 (Hersbach et al. 2023, doi:10.24381/cds.adbb2d47), C3S Climate Pulse. Credit: C3S/ECMWF.
- Notice
- Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.
- Copy of the raw file
- Allowed: we keep a public copy of every version we use.
- Cite as
- Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.adbb2d47 (Accessed on {date_accessed})
Files
Daily global-mean 2 m air temperature from 1 January 1940: columns date, 2t, clim_91-20, ano_91-20, status (FINAL or PRELIMINARY), °C, after a "#" header ending "Last updated: <date>". On 2026-10-04 the last row was 2026-10-02, PRELIMINARY.
https://sites.ecmwf.int/data/climatepulse/data/series/era5_daily_series_2t_global.csvDaily mean sea-surface temperature over the 60°S–60°N ocean from 1 January 1979: columns date, sst, clim_91-20, ano_91-20, status, °C. ERA5 takes its SST from the Met Office OSTIA analysis (HadISST2 before September 2007).
https://sites.ecmwf.int/data/climatepulse/data/series/era5_daily_series_sst_60S-60N_ocean.csv
Status
- Programme
- Updated once a day, usually before 05:00 UTC, with ERA5 data up to two days behind the present. EU Copernicus programme, implemented by ECMWF; not exposed to US federal cuts.
- Updates
- Daily, usually before 05:00 UTC
- Next release
- 2026-10-05: Daily update adding 3 October 2026 (preliminary) and finalising 2 October 2026.
- Last check
- Unchanged since the last fetch (2026-10-05T11:02:19Z)
- Independent sources measuring the same thing
- NOAA Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST), version 2.1