Data
Extra cost of near-zero emissions steel in 2035, percent (IEA)
How much more the IEA expects it to cost to produce near-zero emissions iron-based steel (made with hydrogen) than conventional steel in 2035 under today's policies, without targeted policy support: about 20 to 145 percent more, depending on the region.
Latest value
20%
World (range across regions), 2035 (projection). Version Energy Technology Perspectives 2026 (IEA, March 2026; revised April and July 2026).
As published
“Near-zero emissions steel is more expensive than conventional. This is especially true for iron-based steel, where levelised costs of production in 2035 are expected to be about 20-145% higher (USD 125-600 per tonne of crude steel) in the STEPS, in the absence of targeted policy support or significant scale-up.”
Energy Technology Perspectives 2026, Chapter 3, near-zero emissions steel dashboard, p. 139. Checked word for word against the stored copy of the document every time the data is rebuilt.
Every value
| End of the stated range | Period | Value (%) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low endChapter 3, near-zero emissions steel dashboard, p. 139: "Near-zero emissions steel is more expensive than conventional. This is especially true for iron-based steel, where levelised costs of production in 2035 are expected to be about 20-145% higher (USD 125-600 per tonne of crude steel) in the STEPS, in the absence of targeted policy support or significant scale-up." | 2035 | 20 | projection |
| High endChapter 3, near-zero emissions steel dashboard, p. 139: "Near-zero emissions steel is more expensive than conventional. This is especially true for iron-based steel, where levelised costs of production in 2035 are expected to be about 20-145% higher (USD 125-600 per tonne of crude steel) in the STEPS, in the absence of targeted policy support or significant scale-up." | 2035 | 145 | projection |
Where it comes from
- Producer
- International Energy Agency · Energy Technology Perspectives 2026
- Version
- Energy Technology Perspectives 2026 (IEA, March 2026; revised April and July 2026)
- Fetched
- 2026-10-08 (automatically), 33,223,886 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 c4880aa007fcb05e771e75c21ec48ad8038e98570a0d4ab554440d14232c095bETag 0x8DED777A5D3C271 · Last-Modified Wed, 01 Jul 2026 13:50:01 GMT
- Copies
- No Wayback copy recorded yet.
- Cite the producer
- IEA 2026; Energy Technology Perspectives 2026, https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-technology-perspectives-2026, License: CC BY 4.0
What was done to it
Read the text of the PDF (sha256 c4880aa007fc…). Found each of the 1 quoted statement(s) word for word on PDF page(s) 139, and the 1 context sentence(s) the scope relies on, before publishing.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/green_premium.py · code sha256 c2e591e4a0510a3d… · inputs c4880aa007fc…
Published each number exactly as printed, with its statement in the value's note. A range 'A-B%' is published as its low end A and high end B (dimension 'bound'); nothing was computed, rounded or combined with any other source.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/green_premium.py · code sha256 c2e591e4a0510a3d… · inputs c4880aa007fc…
What it covers
- Geography
- World (range across regions)
- Basis
- Levelised cost of producing iron-based steel in 2035 in the IEA's Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS): hydrogen direct reduced iron with an electric arc furnace, compared with blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace and natural gas DRI production, region by region; the range runs from lower- to higher-cost regions. Excludes explicit policy support such as carbon pricing or subsidies (method note, p. 162). Projection.
- Unit
- percent more than the conventional route (%)