Skip to content
Environment Dashboard

Data

Emission cuts from household consumption options (Ivanova et al. 2020)

How much each of 28 household consumption options cut greenhouse gas emissions per person per year in the studies reviewed by Ivanova et al. (2020): the mean, the median and the range across studies, for the options whose values the article's text states. The values mostly come from high-income settings, depend on context (the electricity mix, the car replaced, the starting diet) and do not add up across options.

Latest value

2.00t CO₂e/person/yr

Studies reviewed worldwide, mostly from high-income countries, 2020. Version Environ. Res. Lett. 15 093001 (2020).

As published

“Living car-free has the highest median mitigation potential across all of the reviewed options at 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap, with a range between 3.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap.”

Mitigation potential of household consumption options (Ivanova et al. 2020), Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5. Checked word for word against the stored copy of the document every time the data is rebuilt.

Every value

Emission cuts from household consumption options (Ivanova et al. 2020), every published value
Consumption domainConsumption optionStatisticPeriodValue (t CO₂e/person/yr)RangeStatus
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Living car-free has the highest median mitigation potential across all of the reviewed options at 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap, with a range between 3.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Living car-freeSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Living car-free has the highest median mitigation potential across all of the reviewed options at 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap, with a range between 3.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Living car-free has the highest median mitigation potential across all of the reviewed options at 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap, with a range between 3.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."20202.000.60 to 3.60final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."20202.00−1.90 to 5.40final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "The Shift to battery electric vehicle (BEV) from ICEV has mitigation potential between 5.4 and −1.9 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average and median of 2.0 tCO₂eq/cap."20202.00−1.90 to 5.40final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."One less flight (long return)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20201.900.70 to 4.50final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."One less flight (long return)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20201.700.70 to 4.50final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Other studies exploring partial reductions in air travel (Less transport by air) find an average reduction potential of 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap."Less transport by airSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Other studies exploring partial reductions in air travel (Less transport by air) find an average reduction potential of 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Other studies exploring partial reductions in air travel (Less transport by air) find an average reduction potential of 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.80final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."(Plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."20200.70−0.20 to 3.10final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."One less flight (medium return)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.600.20 to 1.50final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."One less flight (medium return)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "One less flight (long return) may reduce between 4.5 and 0.7 (mean of 1.9) tCO₂eq/cap, while taking One less flight (medium return)—between 1.5 and 0.2 (0.6) tCO₂eq/cap. The two options have a median reduction potential of 1.7 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.600.20 to 1.50final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Telecommuting practices reduce commute emissions between 1.4 and 0.1 (mean of 0.4) tCO₂eq/cap,"TelecommutingSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Telecommuting practices reduce commute emissions between 1.4 and 0.1 (mean of 0.4) tCO₂eq/cap,"Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Telecommuting practices reduce commute emissions between 1.4 and 0.1 (mean of 0.4) tCO₂eq/cap,"20200.400.10 to 1.40final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 7: "Energy and material efficiency (e.g. more efficient combustion engine, lightweight materials, improved fuel economy, cleaner fuels) [74, 79–82] brings a reduction between 1.46 and 0.01 (mean of 0.3) tCO₂eq/cap."Energy and material efficiencySection 3.1 (Transport), p. 7: "Energy and material efficiency (e.g. more efficient combustion engine, lightweight materials, improved fuel economy, cleaner fuels) [74, 79–82] brings a reduction between 1.46 and 0.01 (mean of 0.3) tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 7: "Energy and material efficiency (e.g. more efficient combustion engine, lightweight materials, improved fuel economy, cleaner fuels) [74, 79–82] brings a reduction between 1.46 and 0.01 (mean of 0.3) tCO₂eq/cap."20200.300.01 to 1.46final
TransportSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."Fuel cell vehicles (FCV)Section 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.1 (Transport), p. 5: "Carbon reduction potential varies between 3.1 and −0.2 (mean of 0.7) tCO₂eq/cap for (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV/HEV), and between 5.8 and −3.4 (mean of 0) tCO₂eq/cap for fuel cell vehicles (FCV)."20200.00−3.40 to 5.80final
FoodAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Vegan dietAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.900.40 to 2.10final
FoodAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Vegan dietAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesAbstract, p. 1: "In the context of food, the highest carbon savings come from dietary changes, particularly an adoption of vegan diet with an average and median mitigation potential of 0.9 and 0.8 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."2020none (The article states different medians for this option: 0.8 in Abstract, p. 1; 0.9 in Section 3.2 (Food), p. 8. The supplementary spreadsheet, which would settle it, has not been acquired.)final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mediterranean and similar dietSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.60−0.10 to 2.00final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mediterranean and similar dietSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.40−0.10 to 2.00final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Improved cooking equipmentSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.60final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Improved cooking equipmentSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Improved cooking equipment is associated with strong mitigation potential amounting to a mean and a median of 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.60final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Vegetarian dietSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.500.01 to 1.50final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Vegetarian dietSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "The mitigation potential associated with a diet change involving a reduction in the amount of animal products consumed varies between 2.1 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap) for a Vegan diet, between 1.5 and 0.01 (0.5) for a Vegetarian diet, and between 2.0 and −0.1 (0.6) for Mediterranean and similar diet—e.g. Atlantic and New Nordic. The three types of diets have median mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.5 and 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.500.01 to 1.50final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."Organic foodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.50final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."Organic foodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Organic food have lower emissions compared to conventionally produced food, with an average annual mitigation potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap and a median of 0.4 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.40final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Regional and local foodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.40final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "Nutrition guidelines diets optimized with regards to health guidelines (generally including a reduction in the red meat intake and increase in plant-based foods) are associated with more moderate potential reductions between 1.3 and 0.01 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap)."Nutrition guidelines dietsSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "Nutrition guidelines diets optimized with regards to health guidelines (generally including a reduction in the red meat intake and increase in plant-based foods) are associated with more moderate potential reductions between 1.3 and 0.01 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap)."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 8: "Nutrition guidelines diets optimized with regards to health guidelines (generally including a reduction in the red meat intake and increase in plant-based foods) are associated with more moderate potential reductions between 1.3 and 0.01 tCO₂eq/cap (mean of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap)."20200.300.01 to 1.30final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Seasonal and fresh foodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Opting for Regional and local food and Seasonal and fresh food involves average reductions of 0.4 and 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.20final
FoodSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Food waste management of unavoidable food waste is associated with more modest average mitigation potential of 0.03 tCO₂eq/cap."Food waste managementSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Food waste management of unavoidable food waste is associated with more modest average mitigation potential of 0.03 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.2 (Food), p. 9: "Food waste management of unavoidable food waste is associated with more modest average mitigation potential of 0.03 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.03final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Renewable electricitySection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20201.500.30 to 2.50final
HousingAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Renewable electricityAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively." / Section 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20201.600.30 to 2.50final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Producing own renewable electricitySection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20201.300.10 to 4.80final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Producing own renewable electricitySection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The mitigation options with the highest potential on average include purchasing Renewable electricity and Producing own renewable electricity with average values of 1.5 (ranging between 2.5 and 0.3) and 1.3 (ranging between 4.8 and 0.1) tCO₂eq/cap (figure 5). The two options have median mitigation potential of 1.6 and 0.6 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.600.10 to 4.80final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Refurbishment and renovationSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.90final
HousingAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Refurbishment and renovationAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Median of the reviewed studiesAbstract, p. 1: "Shifting to renewable electricity and refurbishment and renovation are the options with the highest mitigation potential in the housing domain, with medians at 1.6 and 0.9 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.90final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Heat pumpSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.80final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Renewable-based heatingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "Other effective infrastructure-related options associated with space heating include Refurbishment and renovation, opting for Heat pump and Renewable-based heating, which offer an average mitigation potential of 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.70final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The shift to a Passive house is associated with an average reduction potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap (based on estimates by three studies), excluding GHG emissions associated with changes in infrastructure."Passive houseSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The shift to a Passive house is associated with an average reduction potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap (based on estimates by three studies), excluding GHG emissions associated with changes in infrastructure."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The shift to a Passive house is associated with an average reduction potential of 0.5 tCO₂eq/cap (based on estimates by three studies), excluding GHG emissions associated with changes in infrastructure."20200.50final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), pp. 9–10: "Less living space and co-housing—which includes options such as smaller living space (and hence less heating and construction), collective living with others and renting out guest rooms for other people to live in—offer carbon reductions of up to 1.0 tCO₂eq/cap, and an average of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap."Less living space and co-housingSection 3.3 (Housing), pp. 9–10: "Less living space and co-housing—which includes options such as smaller living space (and hence less heating and construction), collective living with others and renting out guest rooms for other people to live in—offer carbon reductions of up to 1.0 tCO₂eq/cap, and an average of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), pp. 9–10: "Less living space and co-housing—which includes options such as smaller living space (and hence less heating and construction), collective living with others and renting out guest rooms for other people to live in—offer carbon reductions of up to 1.0 tCO₂eq/cap, and an average of 0.3 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.30final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Hot water savingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.30final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The reviewed mitigation potential of Smart metering varies between 1.1 and 0 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average of 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Smart meteringSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The reviewed mitigation potential of Smart metering varies between 1.1 and 0 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average of 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 9: "The reviewed mitigation potential of Smart metering varies between 1.1 and 0 tCO₂eq/cap, with an average of 0.2 tCO₂eq/cap."20200.200.00 to 1.10final
HousingSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Lowering room temperature (by 1 °C to 3 °C)Section 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."Mean of the reviewed studiesSection 3.3 (Housing), p. 10: "Other behavioral interventions such as Hot water saving and Lowering room temperature by 1 °C–3 °C bring about an average saving of 0.3 and 0.1 tCO₂eq/cap, respectively."20200.10final

Where it comes from

Producer
Ivanova, Barrett, Wiedenhofer, Macura, Callaghan and Creutzig (University of Leeds, BOKU Vienna, Stockholm Environment Institute, MCC Berlin); published in Environmental Research Letters (IOP Publishing) · Mitigation potential of household consumption options (Ivanova et al. 2020)
Version
Environ. Res. Lett. 15 093001 (2020)
File
https://zenodo.org/api/records/4106717/files/ERL%20Ivanova%20etal%202020%20Potential%20consumption%20options%20climate%20change%20mitigation.pdf/content
Fetched
2026-10-04 (by a person), 2,037,080 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 f41eb020a2b60570445ca2795a82a51d9313be1ad3857f5c458b684beaf91d0e
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
Cite the producer
Diana Ivanova et al 2020 Environ. Res. Lett. 15 093001 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab8589

What was done to it

  1. Read the text of the article's version-of-record PDF (sha256 f41eb020a2b6…, the copy the authors deposited on Zenodo). Found each of 21 sentences from the abstract and section 3 word for word on its page before publishing; a minus sign had to match a minus sign.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/ivanova_2020.py · code sha256 3112ad931eee4374… · inputs f41eb020a2b6…

  2. Published the mean, the median and the range across the reviewed studies for the 28 options whose values the text states, exactly as printed. Values listed with several options are read in the order the options are named; 'between A and B' is the range across studies. Each value's sentence is in its note.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/ivanova_2020.py · code sha256 3112ad931eee4374… · inputs f41eb020a2b6…

  3. Left out statements that give one number for several options, a bound ('more than', 'up to'), an approximate value ('around') or a total; the other 33 of the 61 options are only in the article's figures and its supplementary spreadsheet. Where the article states one value twice with different numbers, the value is null and both statements are given.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/ivanova_2020.py · code sha256 3112ad931eee4374… · inputs f41eb020a2b6…

What it covers

Geography
Studies reviewed worldwide, mostly from high-income countries
Basis
Meta-review of 53 studies published after 2011 (search of 24 May 2019); the period is the year the review was published. The statistics are across the reviewed studies' estimates for each option, not a measurement of any population. Negative values mean emissions rose.
Unit
tonnes of CO₂-equivalent per person per year (t CO₂e/person/yr)