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Contribution to global warming by country

How much each country's emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide since 1850, from fossil fuels and from land use, have raised the global mean surface temperature, up to each year from 1851. Aerosols and fluorinated gases are not included, so the world value is larger than the observed human-induced warming.

Latest value

1.678°C

Countries and territories, three historical entities, the European Union (27) and the world (the sum of the countries), 2024. Version 2025.1.

Contribution to global warming by country (degrees Celsius)

174 values from 1851 to 2024.
Show as a table
Contribution to global warming by country, every value
PeriodValue (°C)Status
18510.002final
18520.004final
18530.006final
18540.008final
18550.010final
18560.012final
18570.014final
18580.016final
18590.018final
18600.020final
18610.022final
18620.024final
18630.026final
18640.028final
18650.030final
18660.031final
18670.033final
18680.035final
18690.037final
18700.039final
18710.042final
18720.044final
18730.046final
18740.049final
18750.051final
18760.054final
18770.056final
18780.059final
18790.062final
18800.064final
18810.067final
18820.070final
18830.073final
18840.076final
18850.079final
18860.082final
18870.085final
18880.088final
18890.091final
18900.095final
18910.098final
18920.101final
18930.105final
18940.108final
18950.112final
18960.116final
18970.119final
18980.123final
18990.127final
19000.131final
19010.135final
19020.139final
19030.144final
19040.148final
19050.152final
19060.157final
19070.162final
19080.166final
19090.171final
19100.176final
19110.181final
19120.186final
19130.191final
19140.196final
19150.201final
19160.206final
19170.211final
19180.215final
19190.220final
19200.225final
19210.230final
19220.235final
19230.240final
19240.246final
19250.251final
19260.256final
19270.262final
19280.268final
19290.274final
19300.279final
19310.285final
19320.290final
19330.295final
19340.301final
19350.307final
19360.313final
19370.319final
19380.325final
19390.332final
19400.339final
19410.346final
19420.353final
19430.360final
19440.367final
19450.374final
19460.381final
19470.388final
19480.396final
19490.403final
19500.412final
19510.421final
19520.430final
19530.439final
19540.449final
19550.460final
19560.471final
19570.482final
19580.493final
19590.506final
19600.518final
19610.530final
19620.542final
19630.555final
19640.567final
19650.581final
19660.594final
19670.608final
19680.622final
19690.637final
19700.653final
19710.668final
19720.684final
19730.701final
19740.718final
19750.734final
19760.750final
19770.767final
19780.784final
19790.801final
19800.818final
19810.834final
19820.850final
19830.866final
19840.882final
19850.899final
19860.915final
19870.932final
19880.949final
19890.966final
19900.983final
19911.000final
19921.017final
19931.033final
19941.050final
19951.067final
19961.084final
19971.102final
19981.119final
19991.136final
20001.154final
20011.171final
20021.189final
20031.208final
20041.228final
20051.248final
20061.268final
20071.288final
20081.309final
20091.330final
20101.351final
20111.374final
20121.397final
20131.420final
20141.443final
20151.466final
20161.488final
20171.511final
20181.534final
20191.558final
20201.581final
20211.605final
20221.629final
20231.654final
20241.678final
Jones et al. (2025), National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, version 2025.1, doi:10.5281/zenodo.16640595; method in Jones et al. (2023), Scientific Data 10, 155, doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02041-1. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (inherited from PRIMAP-hist v2.7; the Zenodo deposit itself is labelled CC BY 4.0).

Notes on individual values

  • The file has no land-use carbon dioxide, land-use methane or land-use nitrous oxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.
  • The file has no land-use carbon dioxide, fossil methane, land-use methane, fossil nitrous oxide or land-use nitrous oxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.
  • The file has no land-use carbon dioxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.
  • The file has no land-use methane or land-use nitrous oxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.
  • The file has no fossil carbon dioxide, fossil methane, land-use methane, fossil nitrous oxide or land-use nitrous oxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.
  • The file has no fossil carbon dioxide rows for this entity; its three-gas value covers the rest.

Where it comes from

Producer
Jones et al. (University of East Anglia, CICERO and others) · National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide
Version
2025.1
Fetched
2026-10-04 (automatically), 29,113,799 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 84f6cee695abf6a522de77b9899b094a982356ceb421e1c18c109530596de238
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
Cite the producer
Jones, M. W., Peters, G. P., Gasser, T., Andrew, R. M., Schwingshackl, C., Gütschow, J., Houghton, R. A., Friedlingstein, P., Pongratz, J., & Le Quéré, C. (2025). National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide [Dataset]. In Scientific Data (Version 2025.1, Vol. 10, Issue 155). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16640595

What was done to it

  1. Read GMST_response_1851-2024.csv (version 2025.1) and kept the rows for the three-gas total (3-GHG) from fossil sources and land use together (Total), 1851–2024, in degrees Celsius relative to 1850.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/jones_warming.py · code sha256 55996f070bcd5c84… · inputs 84f6cee695ab…

  2. Checked that every entity's three-gas total equals its fossil plus land-use parts and the sum of its carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide totals; that EU27 equals the sum of its 27 member states; and that GLOBAL equals the sum of all country rows, so international aviation and shipping, which have no rows, are not in the world value (largest difference 9.0e-15 °C).

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/jones_warming.py · code sha256 55996f070bcd5c84… · inputs 84f6cee695ab…

  3. Mapped the producer's ISO3 codes to entity codes through an explicit alias table (KSV Kosovo, GLOBAL the world, XKW the Kuwaiti oil fires, XPC the Pacific Islands (Palau), XRY the Ryukyu Islands); left out the producer's groups Annex I, Annex II, BASIC, EIT, LDC, LMDC, non-Annex I and OECD. Values are published as stated.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/jones_warming.py · code sha256 55996f070bcd5c84… · inputs 84f6cee695ab…

What it covers

Geography
Countries and territories, three historical entities, the European Union (27) and the world (the sum of the countries)
Baseline
Change since 1850 (the reference year)
Gases combined with
GWP*
Land use, land-use change and forestry
included
Basis
Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from fossil sources and land use. Methane and nitrous oxide are converted to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions with GWP* (IPCC AR6 coefficients); warming is the IPCC AR6 best-estimate transient climate response to cumulative emissions times those emissions. International aviation and shipping are not included.
Unit
degrees Celsius (°C)