{
  "attribution": "Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change, 2025 report data: indicator 1.1.1 by A. J. Pershing and J. Giguere (attributable heatwave days) and by F. Tartarini and O. Jay (vulnerable populations); indicator 1.1.3 by C. Freyberg, B. Lemke and M. Otto; indicator 1.1.5 by J. Ballester, X. Basagaña and J. Ruiz-Cabrejos; indicator 1.2.1 by R. Hänninen, M. Sofiev and R. Kouznetsov; indicator 1.2.2 by M. Romanello and M. Walawender; indicator 1.2.3 by K. Minor and N. Obradovich; indicator 3.2.1 by G. Kiesewetter and S. Zhang. Romanello et al., The Lancet, 2025, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.",
  "description": "Deaths each year worldwide from breathing fine particles (PM2.5) in the smoke of fires, 2003–2024, as modelled by the Lancet Countdown (indicator 1.2.1). It counts all fire smoke: the share caused by climate change is not attributed.",
  "dimensions": [],
  "display": {
    "decimals": 0
  },
  "geo_coverage": "global-only",
  "headline_entity": "WLD",
  "id": "smoke.lancet-2025.wildfire-deaths",
  "kind": "series",
  "latest": {
    "age_bp": null,
    "dims": {},
    "entity": "WLD",
    "period": "2024",
    "status": "final",
    "value": 153718.63398755688
  },
  "licence": {
    "name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
    "spdx": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"
  },
  "licence_class": "noncommercial",
  "notes": [],
  "notice": "Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/): non-commercial use only, and anything built from these figures must be shared under the same licence. Indicators 1.1.1, 1.1.3, 1.1.5 and 1.2.3 are computed from ERA5 or ERA5-Land and contain modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2025; neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains. Indicator 1.2.2 is computed from the Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas).",
  "origins": [
    {"acquisition": "automatic", "artifact_id": "wildfire-smoke-deaths-1-2-1", "bytes": 294227, "citation_full": "Romanello M, Walawender M, Hsu S-C, et al. The 2025 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. Lancet 2025; published online Oct 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1.", "date_accessed": "2026-10-12", "date_published": "2025-10-29", "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1", "etag": "\"47d53-6425ae1cf3f13\"", "last_modified": "Thu, 30 Oct 2025 07:06:03 GMT", "licence": {"name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0", "spdx": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"}, "producer": "Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change (led by University College London)", "r2_url": "https://files.environmentdashboard.org/raw/1cf07d2a285a07cea1b1bfc3d5545a99ba83dcbf362e50377a6a9f48e7d21e7d.zst", "sha256": "1cf07d2a285a07cea1b1bfc3d5545a99ba83dcbf362e50377a6a9f48e7d21e7d", "source_id": "lancet-countdown-2025", "title": "Lancet Countdown 2025: heat, wildfire smoke, drought, extreme rain and deaths from air pollution", "url_download": "https://lancetcountdown.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Indicator-1.2.1_Mortality_Data-Download_2025-Lancet-Countdown-Report-1.xlsx", "url_main": "https://lancetcountdown.org/explore-our-data/", "version_producer": "2025 report", "wayback_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20261018131936/https://lancetcountdown.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Indicator-1.2.1_Mortality_Data-Download_2025-Lancet-Countdown-Report-1.xlsx"}
  ],
  "processing": [
    {
      "description": "Read the Mortality column (deaths due to fire-originated PM2.5) of the sheet '2025 Report Data_Global' of the indicator 1.2.1 (fire smoke, mortality) workbook of the Lancet Countdown 2025 report, one value a year 2003–2024. Values are published as in the workbook (modelled deaths, not whole numbers).",
      "inputs": ["1cf07d2a285a07cea1b1bfc3d5545a99ba83dcbf362e50377a6a9f48e7d21e7d"],
      "lock_sha256": "540d352a2533554fbfd8f392b6bae78d1f9332effe729c06b520b2a630450330",
      "script": "pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/impacts/lancet_countdown.py",
      "transform_sha256": "fecaf0b937e79c603aff048f9e171264dc0149558bfc33af2187250a8609cab9"
    }
  ],
  "published_value": null,
  "schema_version": 1,
  "scope": {
    "baseline": null,
    "basis": "Modelled, not counted: daily fire PM2.5 from the SILAM chemistry transport model driven by MODIS fire radiative power (a fire hidden by cloud, or too small, is missed), and deaths from the FUSION exposure–response model as the difference between results with and without fires (code by A. Pozzer), with Global Burden of Disease baseline mortality and GPWv4 population.",
    "bunkers": null,
    "geography": "World",
    "gwp": null,
    "lulucf": null
  },
  "superseded_by": null,
  "table": {
    "dims": {},
    "entity": ["WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD"],
    "period": ["2003", "2004", "2005", "2006", "2007", "2008", "2009", "2010", "2011", "2012", "2013", "2014", "2015", "2016", "2017", "2018", "2019", "2020", "2021", "2022", "2023", "2024"],
    "status": ["final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final"],
    "value": [120418.0420719701, 96113.96055486368, 105281.66688329153, 108679.20898214448, 127756.1653480977, 117850.04561725828, 107523.28264924538, 116486.00517555876, 110982.15605990397, 119733.85344396478, 98053.03778063014, 130607.93294879566, 124228.38298249016, 115026.40599933552, 117831.06102630091, 110832.69963777439, 112028.11838398562, 131994.08421065885, 130133.36139583336, 94458.46293573147, 147642.7354201989, 153718.63398755688]
  },
  "time_basis": "calendar",
  "title": "Deaths from wildfire smoke, world",
  "unit": {
    "code": "deaths",
    "label": "deaths",
    "short": "deaths"
  },
  "vintage": "2025 report"
}