{
  "attribution": "Rajalehto, C. & Helo, P. (2025). Comparing feasibility of low-carbon heavy-duty road freight vehicles. Journal of Cleaner Production 509, 145524. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145524. CC BY 4.0.",
  "description": "What one heavy truck costs a month to run on diesel, on liquid biomethane and on electricity in one Finnish food logistics company's fleet in 2023: leasing, insurance, driver, energy and an emissions cost at the EU carbon price, simulated 1,000 times from the company's own data (Rajalehto and Helo 2025).",
  "dimensions": [
    {
      "id": "option",
      "label": "Truck",
      "values": [
        {"id": "diesel", "label": "Diesel truck (Volvo FH6x4)"},
        {"id": "lbg", "label": "Liquid biomethane (LBG) truck (Volvo FH6x4)"},
        {"id": "ev", "label": "Battery electric truck (Volvo FH Electric)"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "side",
      "label": "Side",
      "values": [
        {"id": "conventional", "label": "Diesel"},
        {"id": "low-carbon", "label": "Biomethane or electric"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "statistic",
      "label": "Statistic",
      "values": [
        {"id": "mean", "label": "Mean of 1,000 simulations"},
        {"id": "median", "label": "Median of 1,000 simulations"}
      ]
    }
  ],
  "display": {
    "decimals": 0
  },
  "geo_coverage": "country",
  "headline_entity": "FIN",
  "id": "green-premium.rajalehto-helo-2025.trucks",
  "kind": "published-value",
  "latest": {
    "age_bp": null,
    "dims": {
      "option": "diesel",
      "side": "conventional",
      "statistic": "mean"
    },
    "entity": "FIN",
    "period": "2023-01/2023-10",
    "status": "final",
    "value": 21300.0
  },
  "licence": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "spdx": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "licence_class": "open",
  "notes": ["Table 3, column Diesel: Mean 2.13E4, Min 1.53E4, Max 2.88E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations).", "Table 3, column Diesel: Median 2.13E4, Min 1.53E4, Max 2.88E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations).", "Table 3, column EV: Mean 1.76E4, Min 1.63E4, Max 1.94E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations).", "Table 3, column EV: Median 1.76E4, Min 1.63E4, Max 1.94E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations).", "Table 3, column LBG: Mean 1.97E4, Min 1.50E4, Max 3.95E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations).", "Table 3, column LBG: Median 1.92E4, Min 1.50E4, Max 3.95E4 (monthly cost of ownership, 1,000 simulations)."],
  "notice": null,
  "origins": [
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  ],
  "processing": [
    {
      "description": "Read the text of the article's version-of-record PDF (sha256 8b72c98ad063…, the copy on the University of Vaasa repository) and found Table 3 and 6 passages of the text and Table 1 word for word on their pages.",
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    },
    {
      "description": "Read each truck's column of Table 3 by position (the PDF's text gives the table column by column) and published its mean and median monthly cost of ownership, with the minimum and maximum of the simulations as the range: 6 values, as printed ('2.13E4' is 21,300).",
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      "transform_sha256": "079bcf923e6d50ba709500f4b643f635e97cef2355afca47fba9f597cfdac90e"
    },
    {
      "description": "Nothing was subtracted: the diesel, biomethane and electric costs are shown side by side as the table gives them.",
      "inputs": ["8b72c98ad063d41c1ef8912f95943cce8328269670e5fcf476f0d3c03c699b58"],
      "lock_sha256": "540d352a2533554fbfd8f392b6bae78d1f9332effe729c06b520b2a630450330",
      "script": "pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/green_premium/trucks_rajalehto_helo_2025.py",
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  "published_value": {
    "document": "rajalehto-helo-2025",
    "locator": "Table 3, p. 8",
    "quote": "Table 3 Comparative monthly TCO statistics from simulations for Diesel, LBG, and EVs. Diesel LBG EV Mean Median Variance Standard Deviation Coefficient of Variation Min Max Range Standard Error 2.13E4 2.13E4 6.46E6 2.54E3 0,12 1.53E4 2.88E4 1.35E4 80 1.97E4 1.92E4 7.90E6 2.81E3 0,14 1.50E4 3.95E4 2.45E4 89 1.76E4 1.76E4 1.27E5 3.57E2 0,02 1.63E4 1.94E4 3.05E3 11"
  },
  "schema_version": 1,
  "scope": {
    "baseline": null,
    "basis": "Monte Carlo simulation (1,000 runs per truck) of the monthly total cost of ownership from the company's telemetry, leasing contracts and energy prices of January to October 2023, with emissions costed at the EU ETS allowance price. Subsidies are not modelled separately. The currency year is not stated.",
    "bunkers": null,
    "geography": "Finland: one food logistics company's leased Volvo trucks (64-tonne combinations, 40 pallets) on comparable routes",
    "gwp": null,
    "lulucf": null
  },
  "superseded_by": null,
  "table": {
    "dims": {
      "option": ["diesel", "diesel", "lbg", "lbg", "ev", "ev"],
      "side": ["conventional", "conventional", "low-carbon", "low-carbon", "low-carbon", "low-carbon"],
      "statistic": ["mean", "median", "mean", "median", "mean", "median"]
    },
    "entity": ["FIN", "FIN", "FIN", "FIN", "FIN", "FIN"],
    "interval": ["range", "range", "range", "range", "range", "range"],
    "lower": [15300.0, 15300.0, 15000.0, 15000.0, 16300.0, 16300.0],
    "note": [0, 1, 4, 5, 2, 3],
    "period": ["2023-01/2023-10", "2023-01/2023-10", "2023-01/2023-10", "2023-01/2023-10", "2023-01/2023-10", "2023-01/2023-10"],
    "status": ["final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final"],
    "upper": [28800.0, 28800.0, 39500.0, 39500.0, 19400.0, 19400.0],
    "value": [21300.0, 21300.0, 19700.0, 19200.0, 17600.0, 17600.0]
  },
  "time_basis": "calendar",
  "title": "Monthly cost of running diesel, biomethane and electric trucks in Finland (Rajalehto & Helo 2025)",
  "unit": {
    "code": "EUR-per-month",
    "label": "euros per truck per month",
    "short": "€/month"
  },
  "vintage": "Journal of Cleaner Production 509, 145524 (2025)"
}