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Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems, by process

Greenhouse gas emissions from food and farming each year since 1990, for the world and each country, in carbon dioxide equivalent, split into the 22 processes FAO estimates, within its three stages. Farm gate (11): enteric fermentation, manure management, manure left on pasture, manure applied to soils, synthetic fertilizers, rice cultivation, crop residues, burning crop residues, drained organic soils, on-farm energy use and savanna fires. Land-use change (3): net forest conversion, fires in humid tropical forests and fires in organic soils. Pre- and post-production (8): fertilizers manufacturing, pesticides manufacturing, food processing, food packaging, food transport, food retail, food household consumption and agrifood systems waste disposal. Within each stage the processes add up exactly to FAO's stage total. Where FAO gives no value for a process in a country and year, it is absent, not zero.

Latest value

2,947.2Mt CO₂e

Countries and territories, and the world, 2023. Version 2025-10-28.

Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems, by process (million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent)

748 values from 1990 to 2023. Lines: Farm animals' digestion (burps), On the farm, Storing and handling manure, On the farm, Manure left on grazing land, On the farm, Manure spread on fields, On the farm, Synthetic fertiliser on fields, On the farm.
Show as a table
Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems, by process, every value
PeriodStageProcessValue (Mt CO₂e)Status
1990On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,497.6final
1991On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,496.3final
1992On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,479.9final
1993On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,469.9final
1994On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,490.4final
1995On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,498.5final
1996On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,498.9final
1997On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,454.7final
1998On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,459.0final
1999On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,465.6final
2000On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,476.3final
2001On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,477.9final
2002On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,500.3final
2003On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,529.5final
2004On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,559.8final
2005On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,586.1final
2006On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,608.7final
2007On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,631.0final
2008On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,649.6final
2009On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,655.7final
2010On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,652.8final
2011On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,663.1final
2012On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,684.0final
2013On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,697.2final
2014On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,714.8final
2015On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,735.7final
2016On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,766.4final
2017On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,780.3final
2018On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,786.7final
2019On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,811.4final
2020On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,852.0final
2021On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,885.3final
2022On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,918.4final
2023On the farmFarm animals' digestion (burps)2,947.2final
1990On the farmStoring and handling manure380.1final
1991On the farmStoring and handling manure378.7final
1992On the farmStoring and handling manure372.4final
1993On the farmStoring and handling manure370.3final
1994On the farmStoring and handling manure372.3final
1995On the farmStoring and handling manure372.3final
1996On the farmStoring and handling manure372.8final
1997On the farmStoring and handling manure361.0final
1998On the farmStoring and handling manure362.1final
1999On the farmStoring and handling manure362.6final
2000On the farmStoring and handling manure363.5final
2001On the farmStoring and handling manure361.2final
2002On the farmStoring and handling manure363.5final
2003On the farmStoring and handling manure364.8final
2004On the farmStoring and handling manure365.6final
2005On the farmStoring and handling manure367.7final
2006On the farmStoring and handling manure371.7final
2007On the farmStoring and handling manure373.8final
2008On the farmStoring and handling manure377.9final
2009On the farmStoring and handling manure378.9final
2010On the farmStoring and handling manure379.7final
2011On the farmStoring and handling manure379.1final
2012On the farmStoring and handling manure382.1final
2013On the farmStoring and handling manure381.8final
2014On the farmStoring and handling manure385.9final
2015On the farmStoring and handling manure389.8final
2016On the farmStoring and handling manure392.8final
2017On the farmStoring and handling manure395.9final
2018On the farmStoring and handling manure390.6final
2019On the farmStoring and handling manure382.5final
2020On the farmStoring and handling manure395.2final
2021On the farmStoring and handling manure397.2final
2022On the farmStoring and handling manure399.2final
2023On the farmStoring and handling manure399.9final
1990On the farmManure left on grazing land566.0final
1991On the farmManure left on grazing land567.6final
1992On the farmManure left on grazing land575.0final
1993On the farmManure left on grazing land575.0final
1994On the farmManure left on grazing land584.3final
1995On the farmManure left on grazing land590.5final
1996On the farmManure left on grazing land595.8final
1997On the farmManure left on grazing land592.9final
1998On the farmManure left on grazing land595.9final
1999On the farmManure left on grazing land603.0final
2000On the farmManure left on grazing land609.1final
2001On the farmManure left on grazing land612.9final
2002On the farmManure left on grazing land622.3final
2003On the farmManure left on grazing land632.1final
2004On the farmManure left on grazing land643.6final
2005On the farmManure left on grazing land654.5final
2006On the farmManure left on grazing land660.5final
2007On the farmManure left on grazing land670.1final
2008On the farmManure left on grazing land677.1final
2009On the farmManure left on grazing land681.5final
2010On the farmManure left on grazing land682.9final
2011On the farmManure left on grazing land688.6final
2012On the farmManure left on grazing land698.6final
2013On the farmManure left on grazing land706.3final
2014On the farmManure left on grazing land712.6final
2015On the farmManure left on grazing land721.8final
2016On the farmManure left on grazing land732.4final
2017On the farmManure left on grazing land741.6final
2018On the farmManure left on grazing land747.9final
2019On the farmManure left on grazing land760.4final
2020On the farmManure left on grazing land773.3final
2021On the farmManure left on grazing land781.6final
2022On the farmManure left on grazing land792.9final
2023On the farmManure left on grazing land804.2final
1990On the farmManure spread on fields156.5final
1991On the farmManure spread on fields153.8final
1992On the farmManure spread on fields148.7final
1993On the farmManure spread on fields147.5final
1994On the farmManure spread on fields148.1final
1995On the farmManure spread on fields147.6final
1996On the farmManure spread on fields146.9final
1997On the farmManure spread on fields142.8final
1998On the farmManure spread on fields141.1final
1999On the farmManure spread on fields141.6final
2000On the farmManure spread on fields142.6final
2001On the farmManure spread on fields142.1final
2002On the farmManure spread on fields144.0final
2003On the farmManure spread on fields144.0final
2004On the farmManure spread on fields144.9final
2005On the farmManure spread on fields146.3final
2006On the farmManure spread on fields147.9final
2007On the farmManure spread on fields149.2final
2008On the farmManure spread on fields151.1final
2009On the farmManure spread on fields152.6final
2010On the farmManure spread on fields153.9final
2011On the farmManure spread on fields153.0final
2012On the farmManure spread on fields154.4final
2013On the farmManure spread on fields155.1final
2014On the farmManure spread on fields156.2final
2015On the farmManure spread on fields157.4final
2016On the farmManure spread on fields159.2final
2017On the farmManure spread on fields161.1final
2018On the farmManure spread on fields158.7final
2019On the farmManure spread on fields157.7final
2020On the farmManure spread on fields162.8final
2021On the farmManure spread on fields162.2final
2022On the farmManure spread on fields163.8final
2023On the farmManure spread on fields164.8final
1990On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields425.5final
1991On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields416.4final
1992On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields410.0final
1993On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields400.7final
1994On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields403.2final
1995On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields434.0final
1996On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields458.9final
1997On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields448.7final
1998On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields456.8final
1999On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields468.8final
2000On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields447.1final
2001On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields452.5final
2002On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields465.7final
2003On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields480.9final
2004On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields493.7final
2005On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields497.2final
2006On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields513.2final
2007On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields531.5final
2008On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields522.2final
2009On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields536.1final
2010On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields559.1final
2011On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields579.4final
2012On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields580.0final
2013On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields589.7final
2014On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields595.8final
2015On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields588.5final
2016On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields594.4final
2017On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields606.6final
2018On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields600.1final
2019On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields598.2final
2020On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields633.4final
2021On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields625.0final
2022On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields603.9final
2023On the farmSynthetic fertiliser on fields615.7final
1990On the farmFlooded rice fields620.9final
1991On the farmFlooded rice fields618.0final
1992On the farmFlooded rice fields622.7final
1993On the farmFlooded rice fields617.2final
1994On the farmFlooded rice fields623.4final
1995On the farmFlooded rice fields634.7final
1996On the farmFlooded rice fields641.7final
1997On the farmFlooded rice fields645.5final
1998On the farmFlooded rice fields642.2final
1999On the farmFlooded rice fields667.4final
2000On the farmFlooded rice fields653.1final
2001On the farmFlooded rice fields644.7final
2002On the farmFlooded rice fields630.5final
2003On the farmFlooded rice fields629.8final
2004On the farmFlooded rice fields643.3final
2005On the farmFlooded rice fields657.4final
2006On the farmFlooded rice fields659.3final
2007On the farmFlooded rice fields658.8final
2008On the farmFlooded rice fields675.7final
2009On the farmFlooded rice fields670.8final
2010On the farmFlooded rice fields683.7final
2011On the farmFlooded rice fields686.2final
2012On the farmFlooded rice fields683.7final
2013On the farmFlooded rice fields690.0final
2014On the farmFlooded rice fields685.9final
2015On the farmFlooded rice fields677.2final
2016On the farmFlooded rice fields680.9final
2017On the farmFlooded rice fields683.2final
2018On the farmFlooded rice fields687.5final
2019On the farmFlooded rice fields674.0final
2020On the farmFlooded rice fields691.1final
2021On the farmFlooded rice fields693.9final
2022On the farmFlooded rice fields691.4final
2023On the farmFlooded rice fields695.0final
1990On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields131.5final
1991On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields127.6final
1992On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields131.5final
1993On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields128.9final
1994On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields131.8final
1995On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields127.8final
1996On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields135.8final
1997On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields139.5final
1998On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields138.4final
1999On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields138.1final
2000On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields137.6final
2001On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields140.2final
2002On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields138.1final
2003On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields139.0final
2004On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields150.4final
2005On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields150.5final
2006On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields150.1final
2007On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields153.3final
2008On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields163.4final
2009On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields161.2final
2010On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields161.4final
2011On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields168.0final
2012On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields165.3final
2013On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields176.9final
2014On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields180.9final
2015On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields182.8final
2016On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields186.6final
2017On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields190.5final
2018On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields186.5final
2019On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields188.6final
2020On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields192.3final
2021On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields196.1final
2022On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields196.6final
2023On the farmCrop leftovers rotting on fields199.6final
1990On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.7final
1991On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.8final
1992On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.9final
1993On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.4final
1994On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.8final
1995On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.8final
1996On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.5final
1997On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.9final
1998On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.4final
1999On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.2final
2000On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.1final
2001On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.1final
2002On the farmBurning crop leftovers29.9final
2003On the farmBurning crop leftovers30.4final
2004On the farmBurning crop leftovers31.0final
2005On the farmBurning crop leftovers31.5final
2006On the farmBurning crop leftovers31.3final
2007On the farmBurning crop leftovers32.5final
2008On the farmBurning crop leftovers33.5final
2009On the farmBurning crop leftovers33.1final
2010On the farmBurning crop leftovers33.5final
2011On the farmBurning crop leftovers34.5final
2012On the farmBurning crop leftovers35.1final
2013On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.0final
2014On the farmBurning crop leftovers35.9final
2015On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.3final
2016On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.6final
2017On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.9final
2018On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.4final
2019On the farmBurning crop leftovers36.4final
2020On the farmBurning crop leftovers37.1final
2021On the farmBurning crop leftovers37.8final
2022On the farmBurning crop leftovers37.7final
2023On the farmBurning crop leftovers38.3final
1990On the farmDrained peat soils839.0final
1991On the farmDrained peat soils839.0final
1992On the farmDrained peat soils839.0final
1993On the farmDrained peat soils839.4final
1994On the farmDrained peat soils839.1final
1995On the farmDrained peat soils845.1final
1996On the farmDrained peat soils844.2final
1997On the farmDrained peat soils845.6final
1998On the farmDrained peat soils849.4final
1999On the farmDrained peat soils855.3final
2000On the farmDrained peat soils858.6final
2001On the farmDrained peat soils858.8final
2002On the farmDrained peat soils860.6final
2003On the farmDrained peat soils862.4final
2004On the farmDrained peat soils865.1final
2005On the farmDrained peat soils870.1final
2006On the farmDrained peat soils875.6final
2007On the farmDrained peat soils881.9final
2008On the farmDrained peat soils886.0final
2009On the farmDrained peat soils889.1final
2010On the farmDrained peat soils895.1final
2011On the farmDrained peat soils900.2final
2012On the farmDrained peat soils904.2final
2013On the farmDrained peat soils905.5final
2014On the farmDrained peat soils908.6final
2015On the farmDrained peat soils908.5final
2016On the farmDrained peat soils911.3final
2017On the farmDrained peat soils912.6final
2018On the farmDrained peat soils916.7final
2019On the farmDrained peat soils919.4final
2020On the farmDrained peat soils922.2final
2021On the farmDrained peat soils922.8final
2022On the farmDrained peat soils922.7final
2023On the farmDrained peat soils922.7final
1990On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms792.6final
1991On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms818.3final
1992On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms654.6final
1993On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms661.1final
1994On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms676.6final
1995On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms696.9final
1996On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms704.4final
1997On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms695.5final
1998On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms687.9final
1999On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms679.3final
2000On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms674.9final
2001On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms683.2final
2002On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms660.2final
2003On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms682.0final
2004On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms721.4final
2005On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms750.0final
2006On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms787.6final
2007On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms760.6final
2008On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms785.4final
2009On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms775.5final
2010On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms795.3final
2011On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms816.7final
2012On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms820.6final
2013On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms870.2final
2014On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms880.8final
2015On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms867.7final
2016On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms903.1final
2017On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms940.8final
2018On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms953.3final
2019On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms989.9final
2020On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms963.5final
2021On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms1,005.2final
2022On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms1,026.3final
2023On the farmFuel and electricity used on farms1,025.4final
1990On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1991On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1992On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1993On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1994On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1995On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires263.4final
1996On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires246.2final
1997On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires237.3final
1998On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires281.4final
1999On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires286.9final
2000On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires300.7final
2001On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires302.3final
2002On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires327.2final
2003On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires266.8final
2004On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires293.8final
2005On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires272.7final
2006On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires280.7final
2007On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires300.3final
2008On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires258.9final
2009On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires236.7final
2010On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires256.1final
2011On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires339.9final
2012On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires330.3final
2013On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires224.8final
2014On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires243.6final
2015On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires243.9final
2016On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires221.2final
2017On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires257.7final
2018On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires237.1final
2019On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires213.2final
2020On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires211.4final
2021On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires221.3final
2022On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires213.6final
2023On the farmGrassland (savanna) fires284.3final
1990Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1991Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1992Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1993Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1994Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1995Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1996Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1997Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1998Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
1999Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
2000Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests5,175.8final
2001Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2002Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2003Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2004Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2005Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2006Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2007Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2008Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2009Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2010Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,247.0final
2011Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,012.2final
2012Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,012.2final
2013Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,012.2final
2014Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,012.2final
2015Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests3,012.2final
2016Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,724.4final
2017Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,724.4final
2018Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,724.4final
2019Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,724.4final
2020Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,724.4final
2021Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,814.1final
2022Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,814.1final
2023Clearing land for farmingCutting down forests2,814.1final
1990Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1991Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1992Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1993Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1994Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1995Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires147.6final
1996Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires113.0final
1997Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires188.8final
1998Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires210.1final
1999Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires154.5final
2000Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires95.6final
2001Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires95.0final
2002Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires119.1final
2003Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires156.1final
2004Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires174.9final
2005Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires173.5final
2006Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires146.6final
2007Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires175.3final
2008Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires141.1final
2009Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires134.4final
2010Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires195.8final
2011Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires153.3final
2012Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires159.0final
2013Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires137.8final
2014Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires138.4final
2015Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires155.4final
2016Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires151.1final
2017Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires155.1final
2018Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires122.8final
2019Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires156.3final
2020Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires158.5final
2021Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires135.7final
2022Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires115.2final
2023Clearing land for farmingTropical forest fires110.6final
1990Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1991Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1992Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1993Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1994Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1995Clearing land for farmingPeat fires247.7final
1996Clearing land for farmingPeat fires77.3final
1997Clearing land for farmingPeat fires1,001.2final
1998Clearing land for farmingPeat fires250.3final
1999Clearing land for farmingPeat fires113.8final
2000Clearing land for farmingPeat fires39.8final
2001Clearing land for farmingPeat fires40.6final
2002Clearing land for farmingPeat fires543.9final
2003Clearing land for farmingPeat fires174.6final
2004Clearing land for farmingPeat fires534.8final
2005Clearing land for farmingPeat fires250.4final
2006Clearing land for farmingPeat fires641.0final
2007Clearing land for farmingPeat fires59.5final
2008Clearing land for farmingPeat fires37.8final
2009Clearing land for farmingPeat fires442.7final
2010Clearing land for farmingPeat fires43.8final
2011Clearing land for farmingPeat fires218.2final
2012Clearing land for farmingPeat fires225.9final
2013Clearing land for farmingPeat fires205.2final
2014Clearing land for farmingPeat fires555.5final
2015Clearing land for farmingPeat fires577.6final
2016Clearing land for farmingPeat fires74.4final
2017Clearing land for farmingPeat fires25.7final
2018Clearing land for farmingPeat fires219.8final
2019Clearing land for farmingPeat fires451.6final
2020Clearing land for farmingPeat fires47.8final
2021Clearing land for farmingPeat fires20.5final
2022Clearing land for farmingPeat fires9.4final
2023Clearing land for farmingPeat fires265.4final
1990Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser129.6final
1991Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser134.3final
1992Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser166.6final
1993Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser165.7final
1994Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser176.2final
1995Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser191.2final
1996Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser205.3final
1997Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser212.1final
1998Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser225.3final
1999Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser239.7final
2000Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser240.7final
2001Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser251.2final
2002Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser281.1final
2003Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser300.8final
2004Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser307.6final
2005Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser311.6final
2006Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser328.0final
2007Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser331.9final
2008Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser322.9final
2009Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser340.0final
2010Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser361.8final
2011Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser379.8final
2012Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser379.9final
2013Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser431.9final
2014Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser455.5final
2015Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser443.6final
2016Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser449.7final
2017Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser430.8final
2018Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser410.7final
2019Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser415.1final
2020Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser446.4final
2021Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser466.4final
2022Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser466.4final
2023Before and after the farmMaking fertiliser466.4final
1990Before and after the farmMaking pesticides51.0final
1991Before and after the farmMaking pesticides50.0final
1992Before and after the farmMaking pesticides52.9final
1993Before and after the farmMaking pesticides53.2final
1994Before and after the farmMaking pesticides56.0final
1995Before and after the farmMaking pesticides57.4final
1996Before and after the farmMaking pesticides59.8final
1997Before and after the farmMaking pesticides60.5final
1998Before and after the farmMaking pesticides60.2final
1999Before and after the farmMaking pesticides60.4final
2000Before and after the farmMaking pesticides61.1final
2001Before and after the farmMaking pesticides62.2final
2002Before and after the farmMaking pesticides62.4final
2003Before and after the farmMaking pesticides65.5final
2004Before and after the farmMaking pesticides69.5final
2005Before and after the farmMaking pesticides73.7final
2006Before and after the farmMaking pesticides72.4final
2007Before and after the farmMaking pesticides80.5final
2008Before and after the farmMaking pesticides82.6final
2009Before and after the farmMaking pesticides78.6final
2010Before and after the farmMaking pesticides86.3final
2011Before and after the farmMaking pesticides89.3final
2012Before and after the farmMaking pesticides94.4final
2013Before and after the farmMaking pesticides98.5final
2014Before and after the farmMaking pesticides98.3final
2015Before and after the farmMaking pesticides98.2final
2016Before and after the farmMaking pesticides87.2final
2017Before and after the farmMaking pesticides102.7final
2018Before and after the farmMaking pesticides101.8final
2019Before and after the farmMaking pesticides103.3final
2020Before and after the farmMaking pesticides108.6final
2021Before and after the farmMaking pesticides116.4final
2022Before and after the farmMaking pesticides116.7final
2023Before and after the farmMaking pesticides112.9final
1990Before and after the farmProcessing food205.4final
1991Before and after the farmProcessing food238.6final
1992Before and after the farmProcessing food254.2final
1993Before and after the farmProcessing food269.0final
1994Before and after the farmProcessing food260.2final
1995Before and after the farmProcessing food309.9final
1996Before and after the farmProcessing food319.2final
1997Before and after the farmProcessing food327.1final
1998Before and after the farmProcessing food323.9final
1999Before and after the farmProcessing food326.4final
2000Before and after the farmProcessing food421.0final
2001Before and after the farmProcessing food437.8final
2002Before and after the farmProcessing food435.9final
2003Before and after the farmProcessing food443.1final
2004Before and after the farmProcessing food469.7final
2005Before and after the farmProcessing food483.9final
2006Before and after the farmProcessing food499.4final
2007Before and after the farmProcessing food523.3final
2008Before and after the farmProcessing food541.3final
2009Before and after the farmProcessing food521.5final
2010Before and after the farmProcessing food537.0final
2011Before and after the farmProcessing food540.9final
2012Before and after the farmProcessing food531.3final
2013Before and after the farmProcessing food549.9final
2014Before and after the farmProcessing food542.0final
2015Before and after the farmProcessing food517.7final
2016Before and after the farmProcessing food526.1final
2017Before and after the farmProcessing food501.5final
2018Before and after the farmProcessing food491.6final
2019Before and after the farmProcessing food475.6final
2020Before and after the farmProcessing food481.6final
2021Before and after the farmProcessing food504.1final
2022Before and after the farmProcessing food503.1final
2023Before and after the farmProcessing food508.1final
1990Before and after the farmPackaging113.3final
1991Before and after the farmPackaging128.5final
1992Before and after the farmPackaging121.8final
1993Before and after the farmPackaging123.3final
1994Before and after the farmPackaging120.7final
1995Before and after the farmPackaging142.3final
1996Before and after the farmPackaging147.6final
1997Before and after the farmPackaging152.1final
1998Before and after the farmPackaging138.2final
1999Before and after the farmPackaging137.5final
2000Before and after the farmPackaging167.4final
2001Before and after the farmPackaging179.2final
2002Before and after the farmPackaging170.1final
2003Before and after the farmPackaging178.8final
2004Before and after the farmPackaging196.2final
2005Before and after the farmPackaging207.1final
2006Before and after the farmPackaging208.0final
2007Before and after the farmPackaging225.6final
2008Before and after the farmPackaging229.2final
2009Before and after the farmPackaging221.4final
2010Before and after the farmPackaging234.4final
2011Before and after the farmPackaging233.8final
2012Before and after the farmPackaging221.5final
2013Before and after the farmPackaging222.7final
2014Before and after the farmPackaging231.7final
2015Before and after the farmPackaging218.7final
2016Before and after the farmPackaging219.7final
2017Before and after the farmPackaging204.9final
2018Before and after the farmPackaging203.0final
2019Before and after the farmPackaging193.9final
2020Before and after the farmPackaging196.6final
2021Before and after the farmPackaging199.7final
2022Before and after the farmPackaging218.6final
2023Before and after the farmPackaging217.3final
1990Before and after the farmTransport276.4final
1991Before and after the farmTransport293.6final
1992Before and after the farmTransport300.3final
1993Before and after the farmTransport300.5final
1994Before and after the farmTransport304.0final
1995Before and after the farmTransport307.7final
1996Before and after the farmTransport318.1final
1997Before and after the farmTransport327.3final
1998Before and after the farmTransport336.7final
1999Before and after the farmTransport345.1final
2000Before and after the farmTransport351.4final
2001Before and after the farmTransport357.0final
2002Before and after the farmTransport365.1final
2003Before and after the farmTransport376.1final
2004Before and after the farmTransport391.3final
2005Before and after the farmTransport397.8final
2006Before and after the farmTransport410.4final
2007Before and after the farmTransport416.4final
2008Before and after the farmTransport423.0final
2009Before and after the farmTransport424.3final
2010Before and after the farmTransport441.1final
2011Before and after the farmTransport454.6final
2012Before and after the farmTransport463.8final
2013Before and after the farmTransport493.1final
2014Before and after the farmTransport504.7final
2015Before and after the farmTransport510.5final
2016Before and after the farmTransport517.2final
2017Before and after the farmTransport510.0final
2018Before and after the farmTransport514.8final
2019Before and after the farmTransport520.1final
2020Before and after the farmTransport467.5final
2021Before and after the farmTransport501.3final
2022Before and after the farmTransport519.7final
2023Before and after the farmTransport522.7final
1990Before and after the farmShops224.8final
1991Before and after the farmShops245.5final
1992Before and after the farmShops226.2final
1993Before and after the farmShops204.4final
1994Before and after the farmShops219.4final
1995Before and after the farmShops212.3final
1996Before and after the farmShops217.5final
1997Before and after the farmShops234.2final
1998Before and after the farmShops225.7final
1999Before and after the farmShops244.5final
2000Before and after the farmShops247.4final
2001Before and after the farmShops268.8final
2002Before and after the farmShops284.1final
2003Before and after the farmShops303.2final
2004Before and after the farmShops322.1final
2005Before and after the farmShops331.8final
2006Before and after the farmShops356.6final
2007Before and after the farmShops388.2final
2008Before and after the farmShops420.3final
2009Before and after the farmShops434.2final
2010Before and after the farmShops463.6final
2011Before and after the farmShops485.9final
2012Before and after the farmShops517.5final
2013Before and after the farmShops545.5final
2014Before and after the farmShops567.2final
2015Before and after the farmShops586.9final
2016Before and after the farmShops604.8final
2017Before and after the farmShops618.5final
2018Before and after the farmShops634.7final
2019Before and after the farmShops646.7final
2020Before and after the farmShops648.8final
2021Before and after the farmShops687.7final
2022Before and after the farmShops697.3final
2023Before and after the farmShops694.7final
1990Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home421.0final
1991Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home472.4final
1992Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home504.8final
1993Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home531.9final
1994Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home538.0final
1995Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home566.5final
1996Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home600.3final
1997Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home608.1final
1998Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home619.3final
1999Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home633.6final
2000Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home660.0final
2001Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home681.4final
2002Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home675.9final
2003Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home708.7final
2004Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home732.0final
2005Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home761.4final
2006Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home789.7final
2007Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home830.8final
2008Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home843.0final
2009Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home849.5final
2010Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home879.0final
2011Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home911.9final
2012Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home933.1final
2013Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home968.7final
2014Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home981.4final
2015Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home997.9final
2016Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,047.0final
2017Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,083.2final
2018Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,136.1final
2019Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,143.5final
2020Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,187.2final
2021Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,235.8final
2022Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,277.7final
2023Before and after the farmCooking and storing food at home1,273.2final
1990Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,067.6final
1991Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,093.4final
1992Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,127.9final
1993Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,150.4final
1994Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,162.0final
1995Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,185.9final
1996Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,204.1final
1997Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,207.3final
1998Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,244.3final
1999Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,252.8final
2000Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,276.2final
2001Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,288.8final
2002Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,277.1final
2003Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,295.8final
2004Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,299.5final
2005Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,312.8final
2006Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,326.4final
2007Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,342.9final
2008Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,357.3final
2009Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,366.5final
2010Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,377.0final
2011Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,395.1final
2012Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,405.5final
2013Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,416.6final
2014Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,416.4final
2015Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,419.4final
2016Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,413.4final
2017Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,420.8final
2018Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,428.0final
2019Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,434.4final
2020Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,439.8final
2021Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,442.7final
2022Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,447.9final
2023Before and after the farmDisposing of food waste1,452.7final
Calculated by Environment Dashboard from FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT. Accessed on 5 October 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data Licence: CC-BY-4.0. Changes: converted from kilotonnes to million tonnes of CO₂-equivalent. CC BY 4.0 (FAO Statistical Database Terms of Use).

Where it comes from

Producer
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Statistics Division · FAOSTAT agrifood emissions, livestock emissions, emissions intensities, land use and food loss
Version
2025-10-28
Fetched
2026-10-04 (automatically), 20,501,708 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 d2c47e116553711f7c2fd6b62437db511038fd9bd9ec77815fa69ff7a18a89a9ETag "99a1f7889c9873df9bdb619a99572a1f-3" · Last-Modified Sat, 06 Dec 2025 15:13:44 GMT
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
Cite the producer
FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT. Accessed on 5 October 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data Licence: CC-BY-4.0.
Producer
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Statistics Division · FAOSTAT agrifood emissions, livestock emissions, emissions intensities, land use and food loss
Version
2025-10-28
Fetched
2026-10-05 (automatically), 109,120 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 008f475c971a7770c69b1bc48f1c3a5fa8bf3873e762d6e1e9516bb0a700ebdaETag W/"157c9ec8e5eea09a02497cc10f67bcdb" · Last-Modified Mon, 05 Oct 2026 12:49:35 GMT
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
Cite the producer
FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT. Accessed on 5 October 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data Licence: CC-BY-4.0.

What was done to it

  1. Read Emissions_Totals_E_All_Data_(Normalized).csv from FAOSTAT's GT bulk zip. The vintage is the domain's DateUpdate, 28 October 2025, from FAOSTAT's bulk-download catalogue (datasets_E.json), whose entry names this zip and gives FileRows 2,500,090, the number of data rows in this file. The zip was last modified on the server on Sat, 06 Dec 2025 15:13:44 GMT.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  2. Kept the "FAO TIER 1" rows of element "Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5)" (code 723113), in kilotonnes of CO₂-equivalent (IPCC AR5 100-year global warming potentials), for item "Agrifood systems" (6518), its three stage items and their 22 process items. Rows from FAO's "UNFCCC" source are not used.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  3. Checked, in all 9,174 areas and years from 1990 where FAO prints them (FAO's regions included), that "Agrifood systems" equals the sum of the three stages and each stage equals the sum of its processes present, to within 0.01 kilotonnes. Nothing is computed from this check; it shows that the parts published are FAO's whole total, with no remainder.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  4. Left out 6,293 area-years before 1990 that carry farm process rows only: FAO publishes no stage total or agrifood total before 1990, so those rows could not be checked against one.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  5. Left out FAO's projections for 2030 and 2050, which the file flags F ("Forecast value").

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  6. Published the 22 process items, 1990–2023, each value exactly as one row of the file.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  7. Left out former states and territories reported only before their dissolution, with no entity here (Belgium-Luxembourg, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia PDR, Netherlands Antilles (former), Pacific Islands Trust Territory, Sudan (former), USSR, Yugoslav SFR); FAO regional and analytical groups (Africa, Americas, Annex I countries, Asia, Australia and New Zealand, Caribbean, Central America, Central Asia, China, Eastern Africa, Eastern Asia, Eastern Europe, Europe, Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs), Latin America and the Caribbean, Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs), Melanesia, Micronesia, Middle Africa, Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs), Non-Annex I countries, Northern Africa, Northern America, Northern Europe, OECD, Oceania, Polynesia, Small Island Developing States (SIDS), South America, South-eastern Asia, Southern Africa, Southern Asia, Southern Europe, Western Africa, Western Asia, Western Europe); the European Union (27), a region (only the world and countries and territories are published). Their values are never re-assigned to other entities.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  8. Converted kilotonnes to million tonnes by dividing by 1,000 (exact decimal arithmetic on the printed values).

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  9. Every value used carries FAO's flag E, which the file's codebook defines as "Estimated value".

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

  10. Labelled FAO's items in plain words: "Farm gate" as "On the farm"; "Land-use change" as "Clearing land for farming"; "Pre- and post-production" as "Before and after the farm"; "Enteric Fermentation" as "Farm animals' digestion (burps)"; "Manure Management" as "Storing and handling manure"; "Manure left on Pasture" as "Manure left on grazing land"; "Manure applied to Soils" as "Manure spread on fields"; "Synthetic Fertilizers" as "Synthetic fertiliser on fields"; "Rice Cultivation" as "Flooded rice fields"; "Crop Residues" as "Crop leftovers rotting on fields"; "Burning - Crop residues" as "Burning crop leftovers"; "Drained organic soils" as "Drained peat soils"; "On-farm energy use" as "Fuel and electricity used on farms"; "Savanna fires" as "Grassland (savanna) fires"; "Net Forest conversion" as "Cutting down forests"; "Fires in humid tropical forests" as "Tropical forest fires"; "Fires in organic soils" as "Peat fires"; "Fertilizers Manufacturing" as "Making fertiliser"; "Pesticides Manufacturing" as "Making pesticides"; "Food Processing" as "Processing food"; "Food Packaging" as "Packaging"; "Food Transport" as "Transport"; "Food Retail" as "Shops"; "Food Household Consumption" as "Cooking and storing food at home"; "Agrifood Systems Waste Disposal" as "Disposing of food waste". Only the names shown differ; every value is FAO's item of that name.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/food/faostat_agrifood_stages.py · code sha256 636550f9686b9778… · inputs d2c47e116553… 008f475c971a…

What it covers

Geography
Countries and territories, and the world
Gases combined with
AR5-GWP100
Land use, land-use change and forestry
included
Basis
The 22 FAOSTAT process items of item "Agrifood systems" (6518), with FAO's names, each under its stage; overlapping FAOSTAT items (Emissions from livestock, Emissions from crops, Emissions on agricultural land, IPCC Agriculture, AFOLU, LULUCF) are not included, so nothing is counted twice. A few synthetic-fertilizer values are negative as published (Somalia and Timor-Leste, some years). FAO TIER 1 estimates for every country with the same method, not country inventory submissions, so they can differ from a country's own inventory. Farm gate is FAO's grouping: it includes on-farm energy use, drained organic soils and savanna fires as well as livestock and crop emissions. Land-use change counts only what FAO attributes to agriculture: net forest conversion (deforestation) plus fires in humid tropical forests and in organic soils (peat). The carbon taken up by standing forests (FAOSTAT item "Forestland", a net removal) is outside FAO's agrifood total: it is not subtracted and not shown. Net forest conversion uses FAO Forest Resources Assessment period averages, so it is constant within each assessment period and steps between periods, including a method break between 2000 and 2001; year-to-year changes in land-use change are partly an artefact of that method. Pre- and post-production covers fertilizer and pesticide manufacturing, food processing, packaging, transport, retail, household consumption (cooking, storing) and agrifood waste disposal. International aviation and shipping bunkers are a separate FAOSTAT item and are not included. Stage totals start in 1990.
Unit
million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO₂e)