Data
Carbon dioxide removed by novel methods, by method
How much CO2 newer removal methods actually took out of the atmosphere and put into durable storage each year, world total and by method (biochar, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, direct air capture with storage, enhanced rock weathering and others), as compiled project by project for The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal. These are removals delivered, not capacity.
Latest value
2.04Mt CO₂/yr
World, 2025. Version The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (2026).
Carbon dioxide removed by novel methods, by method (million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year)
Show as a table
| Period | Method | Value (Mt CO₂/yr) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | All novel methods | 0.43 | final |
| 2018 | All novel methods | 0.43 | final |
| 2019 | All novel methods | 0.43 | final |
| 2020 | All novel methods | 0.43 | final |
| 2021 | All novel methods | 0.64 | final |
| 2022 | All novel methods | 1.02 | final |
| 2023 | All novel methods | 1.40 | final |
| 2024 | All novel methods | 1.83 | final |
| 2025 | All novel methods | 2.04 | final |
| 2021 | Biochar added to soils | 0.21 | final |
| 2022 | Biochar added to soils | 0.50 | final |
| 2023 | Biochar added to soils | 0.79 | final |
| 2024 | Biochar added to soils | 1.13 | final |
| 2025 | Biochar added to soils | 1.46 | final |
| 2017 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.51 | final |
| 2018 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.53 | final |
| 2019 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.52 | final |
| 2020 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.43 | final |
| 2021 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.43 | final |
| 2022 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.52 | final |
| 2023 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.61 | final |
| 2024 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.66 | final |
| 2025 | Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) | 0.51 | final |
| 2023 | Biomass burial | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Biomass burial | 0.02 | final |
| 2025 | Biomass burial | 0.05 | final |
| 2020 | Mineral products | 0.00 | final |
| 2021 | Mineral products | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Mineral products | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Mineral products | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Mineral products | 0.01 | final |
| 2025 | Mineral products | 0.00 | final |
| 2020 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.00 | final |
| 2021 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.01 | final |
| 2025 | Enhanced rock weathering | 0.00 | final |
| 2020 | Bio-oil storage | 0.00 | final |
| 2021 | Bio-oil storage | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Bio-oil storage | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Bio-oil storage | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Bio-oil storage | 0.00 | final |
| 2025 | Bio-oil storage | 0.01 | final |
| 2023 | Alkalinity enhancement of water bodies | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Alkalinity enhancement of water bodies | 0.00 | final |
| 2025 | Alkalinity enhancement of water bodies | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Direct air capture with storage (DACCS) | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Direct air capture with storage (DACCS) | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Direct air capture with storage (DACCS) | 0.00 | final |
| 2025 | Direct air capture with storage (DACCS) | 0.00 | final |
| 2020 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2021 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2025 | Biomass sinking | 0.00 | final |
| 2020 | Other novel methods | 0.00 | final |
| 2021 | Other novel methods | 0.00 | final |
| 2022 | Other novel methods | 0.00 | final |
| 2023 | Other novel methods | 0.00 | final |
| 2024 | Other novel methods | 0.00 | final |
| 2025 | Other novel methods | 0.01 | final |
Where it comes from
- Producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal (University of Oxford Smith School and partners) · The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (chapter 7 data)
- Version
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (2026)
- Fetched
- 2026-10-08 (automatically), 5,129,380 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 250208937d47b6fad5a10941f8db1130aa2c2de511283c9ea2db5176ca026a4fETag "6a174f2a-4e44a4" · Last-Modified Wed, 27 May 2026 20:08:10 GMT
- Copies
- No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
- Cite the producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition. Smith, S. M., Grassi, G., Gupta, S., Schwingshackl, C., Harrington, K. J., Pilli, R., Rink, A. Chapter 7: Current levels of CDR, in The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 3rd Edition 2026 (eds. Edwards, M. R. et al.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VH7U6 (2026)
- Producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal (University of Oxford Smith School and partners) · The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (chapter 7 data)
- Version
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (2026)
- Fetched
- 2026-10-08 (automatically), 1,937,668 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 1986f453b0f6aa1c807a453c371b870030b94ae7f1625172fd183d32a6cc3313ETag "6a1dcf54-1d9104" · Last-Modified Mon, 01 Jun 2026 18:28:36 GMT
- Cite the producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition. Smith, S. M., Grassi, G., Gupta, S., Schwingshackl, C., Harrington, K. J., Pilli, R., Rink, A. Chapter 7: Current levels of CDR, in The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 3rd Edition 2026 (eds. Edwards, M. R. et al.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VH7U6 (2026)
- Producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal (University of Oxford Smith School and partners) · The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (chapter 7 data)
- Version
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition (2026)
- Fetched
- 2026-10-08 (automatically), 857,632 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 0d2e43e1c7b0c54daa80d228b59783ebe24410a8530a00cf8a7b33483383ac65ETag "6a1d5120-d1620" · Last-Modified Mon, 01 Jun 2026 09:30:08 GMT
- Cite the producer
- The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, 3rd Edition. Smith, S. M., Grassi, G., Gupta, S., Schwingshackl, C., Harrington, K. J., Pilli, R., Rink, A. Chapter 7: Current levels of CDR, in The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 3rd Edition 2026 (eds. Edwards, M. R. et al.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VH7U6 (2026)
What was done to it
Read SoCDR-Edition-3-Chapter-7.csv (fetched 2026-10-08, Last-Modified Wed, 27 May 2026 20:08:10 GMT, sha256 250208937d47…), UTF-8 with a byte-order mark.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/state_of_cdr.py · code sha256 7b328a5ef6d493cd… · inputs 250208937d47… 1986f453b0f6… 0d2e43e1c7b0…
Kept the world rows 'Global Novel CDR by year' (the report's total) and 'Global Novel CDR by method and year', in million tonnes of CO2 a year, as printed. A method appears from the first year the report records it; no year is filled.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/state_of_cdr.py · code sha256 7b328a5ef6d493cd… · inputs 250208937d47… 1986f453b0f6… 0d2e43e1c7b0…
Found in the technical annex (p. 14) that novel CDR counts only removals with published data, direct air capture only where the CO2 reaches durable storage, and CDR.fyi's delivered values for projects not on registries; and on p. 2 of chapter 7 the 2025 world total.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/state_of_cdr.py · code sha256 7b328a5ef6d493cd… · inputs 250208937d47… 1986f453b0f6… 0d2e43e1c7b0…
Compared the report's total with its method rows for each year (to the total's printed precision): they differ in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2025; both are published as printed.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/action/state_of_cdr.py · code sha256 7b328a5ef6d493cd… · inputs 250208937d47… 1986f453b0f6… 0d2e43e1c7b0…
What it covers
- Geography
- World
- Basis
- Removals delivered to durable storage, compiled from registries, government data and CDR.fyi; direct air capture only where storage is confirmed. Net of reported losses where the source gives them.
- Unit
- million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year (Mt CO₂/yr)